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Blogs by Karen Palumbo
On This Day 11/12/1775
11/15/2010 5:58:14 PM
Abigail Adams leads rhetorical charge against Great Britain...
Upon hearing of Great Britain's rejection of the so-called "Olive Branch Petition", Abigail Adams writes to her husband John Adams:
"Let us separate, they are unworthy to be
our Brethren. Let us renounce them and
instead of supplications as formerly for
their prosperity and happiness, Let us
beseech the Almighty to blast their
councils and bring to Nought all their
devices."
The previous July, Congress had adopted the "Olive Branch Petition", written by John Dickinson, which appealed directly to King George III and expressed hope for reconcilliation between the American colonies and Great Britain. John Dickinson, who hoped desperately to avoid a final break with Great Britain, phrased colonial opposition to British policy as follows:
"Your Majesty's Ministers, persevering in their
measures, and proceeding to open hostilities
for enforcing them, have compelled us to arm
in our own defence, and have engaged us in a
controversy so peculiarly abhorrent to the
affections of your still faithful Colonists,
that when we consider whom we must oppose in
this contest, and it it continues, what may
be the consequences, our own particular
misfortunes are accounted by us only as parts
of our distress."
By phrasing their discontent this way, Congress attempted to notify King Geoege that American colonists were unhappy with ministerial policy, not his own. They concluded their plea with a final statement of fidelity to the crown.
"That your Majesty may enjoy long and prosperous
reign, and that your descendants may govern
your Dominions with honour to themselves and
happiness to their subjects, is our sincere
prayer."
By July, 1776 though, the "Declaration of Independence" proclaimed something very different.
"The history of the present King of Great
Britain is a history of repeated injuries
and usurpations, all having direct object
the establishment of an absolute Tyyranny
over the States."
Congress's language is critical to understanding the seismic shift that had occurred in American though in just twelve months. The militia that had fired upon Great Britain Redcoats at the "Battle of Concord" and the "Battle of Lexington" in April 1775 had been angry with Parliaent, not King George III, who they still trusted to desire only good for all of his subjects around the globe.
This belief changed after King George III refused to so much as receive the "Olive Branch Petition". The fundamental grounds upon which Americans were taking up arms had changed.
Abigail Adams response was a particularly articulate expression of many colonists thoughts. Patriots had hoped that Parliament had curtailed colonial rights without King George III's full knowledge, and that the petition would cause him to come to his subject's defense.
When King George III refused to read the petition, Patriots like John Adams realized that Parliament was acting with Royal knowledge and support. American colonist rage was intensified with the January 1776 publication by English-born radical Thomas Paine, of "Common Sense", an influential paphlet that attacked the monarchy, which Thomas Paine claimed had allowed "crowned ruffians" to "impoverish the nation and set it together by the ears."
(K) (HST)
Abigail Adams Wife to John Adams
John Dickinson Patriot, Author
Signer of Declaration
of Independence
George III King of Great Britain
John Adams Patriot, President - USA
Thomas Paine Patriot, Author
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