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Blogs by Karen Palumbo
On This Day 8/18/1795
8/21/2011 5:53:34 PM
George Washington signs Jay Treaty with Great Britain
President George Washington signs the "Jay Treaty" with Great Britain. This particular treaty, known officially as the:
"Treaty of Amity Commerce and Navigation between
His Britannic Majesty, and The Unites States of
America"
attempted to diffuse the tension between Great Britain and the United States of America that had risen to renewed heights since the end of the "American Revolution." The United States government objected to English Military posts along America's northern and western borders and GreatBritain's violation of American neutrality in 1794 when the Royal Navy seized American ships in the West Indies during Great Britain's war with France.
The treaty, written and negotiated by Supreme Court Chief Justice and Washington appointee, John Jay, was signed by Great Britain's King George III on November 19, 1794 in London, Great Britain. However, after John Jay returned home with news of the treaty's signing, President Washington, now in his second term, encountered fierce Congressional opposition to the treay. By 1795, its ratification was uncertain.
Leading the opposition to the treaty were two future Presidents, Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. At the time, Thomas Jefferson was in between political positions. Thomas Jefferson had just completed a term as President Washington's Secretary of State from 1789 to 1793 and had not yet become John Adams Vice President.
Fellow Virginian James Madison was a member of the House of Representatives. Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and other opponents, feard the treaty gave too many concessions to the British. They argued that John Jay's negotiations actually weakended American trade rights and complained that it committed to the United States to paying pre-revolutionary debts to English merchants.
President Washington himself, was not completely satisfied with the treaty, but considered preventing another war with America's former colonial master a priority. Ultimately, the treaty was approved by Congress on August 14, 1795 with exactly the two-thirds majority it needed to pass. President Washington signed the treaty four days later.
President Washington and John Jay may have won the legilative battle and averted war temporarily, but the conflict at home highlighted a deepening division between those of different political idealogists in Washington, D.C.
Thomas Jefferson and James Madison mistrusted President Washington's attachment to maintaining friendly relations with GreatBritain over revolutionary France, who would have welcomed the Uniteed States as a partner in an expanded war against Great Britain.
(K) (HST
George Washington American Patriot
American General
President, USA
John Jay American Patriot
Court Chief Justice
George III King of Great Britain
Thomas Jefferson American Patriot
President, USA
James Madison American Patriot
President, USA
John Adams American Patriot
President, USA
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