Dances are often segregated by gender, reinforcing gender roles in children. Different parts of the body are emphasized by different groups. African dances are largely participatory, with spectators being part of the performance and remains apart of history today. With the exceptions of spiritual, religious, or initiation dances, there are traditionally no barriers between dancers and onlookers. Even ritual dances often have a time when spectators participate.

Many dances are performed by only males or females, indicating strong beliefs about what being male or female means, and strict taboos about interaction. Dancers are constantly interacting with drummers and spectators.