Kindle Edition
Amazon
Category:
Education/Training
Publisher: lulu.com
Type: Non-Fiction
Pages: 103
Copyright: Dec 28, 2015
ISBN-13: 9781329783485
Price: $3.99 (eBook)
The book about Time, definition of Time, history of Time.
The book about the Flying Car, history of Flying Car.
Inventions around us...
The book about Time, definition of Time, history of Time.
The book about the Flying Car, history of Flying Car.
Inventions around us...
Excerpt
The Time
What Is The Time
We can define time as a process of comparison of flows of two processes.
We compare the flow of one process with the progress of another one.
We may ask:"How often one process repeats while another one is still not ends.
To do the comparison we can use one process as standard(usually this is repeatable process)
and compare with it the measured one.
As an analogy we can use the procedure of finding the length of the object.
We count how many times smaller object(measuring stick) “fits” in the measured one.
Then we “measure the time” we count how many times faster(shorter) process will “fits”
in the bigger(longer) one.
Obviously, the shorter the standard process in accordance to the measured one -
the more accurate result will be obtained.
Let’s create hypothetical world.
World where only Drop Clock in use.
What is the construction of this clock? Here it is.
In reservoir, filled with water, in the bottom, there is a small hole of such size,
that water don’t flows threw this hole but drops.
Under reservoir, at some distance, there is thin metal sheet fixed only by one side.
Then water drop hits the metal sheet, it is create strong noise.
Let’s assume the observer compares the process of water dripping from this clock
and the process of candle burning. He is “measuring time”:)
After he finish the counting how many drops of water fail while the candle was burning,
he may say, for example:” Candle burned out in 1758 drops”.
Or he will measure how fast the sportsmen run a mile.
He may say:"It’s took 177 drops to run a mile”.
Unusual to hear the word “drop” as measuring unit to judge a speed of the process.
But, since we now where is this from, we will say what such practice has rights to exist
in such hypothetical world.
Where is a second, a minute, an hour , a day , a month, a year comes from?
In our real world we also start to compare one process to another in attempt to find
the measuring unit which can be understood by any body around us.
In the beginning people live in small groups and did not now any measuring units, but Day.
All their primitive life was connected with light period of the day and dark period of the day.
At night, the danger was all around, so they hide in the caves.
As soon as the Sun arise, they now new day is coming.
So they count the days if they want to say about someones life, how long he has live.
At some point, because they believed that Moon was born and die, after this again and again
born and dies, they start use this event as a measuring unit.
They start measure length of the human life not by days but Moons.
They may say:"My father was lived for 457 moons”.
At some point they discovered that seasons repeated all the time,
and it is connected with the Sun.
Moon always exists, but get in to the Earth shadow periodically.
Connecting together all this events(days,months,years) was not easy task.
But it was done in the first primitive countries.
Even at the beginning it was believed that it is the Sun rotates around the Earth,
this was not the obstacle to find the period by itself.
It was done in many ancient civilizations. It is called a Year.
The period of rotation of Moon around the Earth they called a Month.
They believed that there is 12 month in the year.
That how the lunar calendar was born.
Ancient astronomers make in different countries same experiment.
They count the days between two identical positions of the Sun in the skies during the year.
Was used such events as Fall or Spring Equinox.
In different places they got the same result which satisfies the needs of the people of that time.
The length of the Year was 365.25 days.
Thats how the Sun calendar was born.
Since the life of the people connected more to the Sun than the Moon,
this kind of calendar prevail and used in most countries to this days.
But where is a second, a minute, an hour came from?
The Sun Dial is the mother who give us this small fellas.
An ancient Egyptians, probably, was the first people who use such device.
They divide the dial from the dawn mark to the dusk mark by 12, and call each this part an Hour.
At summer time an Hour was long, at winter - short.
And only at the fall or spring Equinox such device was shown “real” Hours.
Same people divide the Hour by 60 and called each of this part a Minute.
After this they divided each minute by 60 and called it a Second.
Sun dial was good to see a minutes, but seconds was impossible to observe.
I believe someone, somewhere was must to invent the sun dial that use a mirror.
Mirror was placed on the high tower, for example.
The sunbeam from this mirror will move across the dial, and this dial located far from the mirror,
so person can easily observe how the sunbeam moves from one second mark to another.
Probably it was never invented at that time, people was satisfied with minutes.
Today it can be interesting attraction.
Sand dial was invented, water clock was invented.
But seconds was hard to count with such a tools.
And people just counted by own self!
Someone, someday find out that if you will repeat some phrase constantly while one minute
sand clock runs, it may fit in this period very precise.
In different countries it will be different phrase.
In the USA it will be:"One thousand” plus the number counted.
For example the person start count:” One thousand one”,"One thousand two”,
"One thousand three”.........."One thousand twelve”, and at this moment the process has ended.
This means that this process was flows for 12 seconds.
In medieval time was invented the mechanical clock.
Finally the chronometer and stopwatch was invented.
Atomic clock shake the human ability to imagine how accurate this machine can be.
But does not matter how accurate this tool can be, the idea is the same.
How many standard processes will fit in the measured one.
Now, after we are studied the history of expression “Time”, we can say that time is a procedure,
or description of procedure, or logical, numerical expression which can be use in logical operation
to define the stages of some process.
You can’t manipulate with time, can’t create it or destroy it.
You can execute it or not(if time is a procedure), you can use this information in logical procedure
or not(if time is a logical or numerical expression).
But even it is sound paradoxical, expressions like “time disappeared” or “time stopped”,
can reflect very real state of the matter in this world.
“Time don’t exists” - if there is no material objects, no events, no processes,
no time as a result of the absolute absence of the matter.
“Time disappeared” - if cool down all in this world to the absolute zero, when all events,
but the fly of the frozen objects will stop.
And even the objects will still fly throw the Universe, nothing material will be able
to execute the Time, compares one events with another.
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The Flying Car
“Hey Buddy! Where are you heading?”.
Aleksandr Anufriyev. copyright 2007.
The Flying Car Saga.
~CHAPTER 1
Why do people dream of a flying car?.
The first and most important reason why people want a flying car is usability(convenience).
Instead of calling the airline company to buy tickets on an airplane, (if you're lucky and can get the tickets on the flight that you want), waiting until the day, calling a cab, running to an airport early, because you can not be late, nobody will delay departure for you, and then wait in the airport several hours with your luggage.
Then give up your luggage to people that will put it on a different flight (and that is what they do on a regular basis), and then go through today's airport security...
Instead of all of this, you can just get up from your chair, go to the garage, sit in your silver monster and drive to the airport.
People can stop drink coffee or tea or whatever they drink, stop to eat and look at the beauty.
Amazingly, if you want to stop and comeback to your house because you forgot something, or (even more amazing) if you change your mind, or the weather went bad, you can go home and plan the flight another day (or night), or anytime you want, because you are the Boss, you are a Captain, and it's your decision.
No need to return any tickets, no penalties, free and happy, you are king of the castle!
You push the gas pedal and wait for the speed indicator to show take-off speed, pull the steering wheel (of your car), and up to the heavens, closer and closer to the beautiful castles which you usually can only see from a great distance. Fly through them, at 30,000 feet, and now you can turn the autopilot on and relax. When you reach your destination point, a gentle computerized female voice will wake you up and instruct you to take the wheel in your hands, its time to land!
This is the life!!!!!
The second important reason for owning a flying car is the freedom in choosing your own destination. In the United States alone there are lots of small airports (more than 50,000), where small airplanes can land. A typical airplane that most people fly on (Jumbo) is not a small plane at all. So, if you fly from Los-Angeles to Miami, you will fly on a jumbo airplane. That's fine. Miami has a huge airport.
But what if you want to fly on the weekends from Lansing, Mishigan to Delbarton,West Virginia ?.
That would be a big journey!.
The actual flight (in the air) will take only two hours, but the trip to the Lansing airport, the baggage check , security check, departure, arriving in Charleston, WV (closest big airport), cab ride from Charleston to Delbarton, all of this will take more than five hours!!.
This is why people often prefer to drive “short” distances like this, it will take “only” around 9 hours door to door.
Of course, if you have a chauffer it might be a fun trip, but most people do not, and driving nine hours straight is tiring, when you actually get where you are going, the first thing you are gonna want to do is sleep,(there are no autopilots on our cars yet, and the highways get pretty busy).
Of course if you want to go from Lansing to the Upper Peninsula to fish or go mushroom hunting, forget it!!!!.
There are only small airports in that area, and lots and lots of water.
The best probable solution for the UP fans would be a flying amphibian car.
In this type of car you can drive into the Lansing airport, or drive out to Lake Lansing onto the boat launch and go into the water, take-off, fly about 2 hours( instead 5-6 hours drive ), land on the water of the gorgeous lake Michigan or another one of the thousands of bodies of water in this region, and go fishing!!.
You don’t need any boat, you are already in a boat, it is your amphibian flying car.
The third (for many people this could actually be the first) reason to have a flying car is affordability.
Amazing but true. Consider this, if you have an airplane, even a small one, you must keep it in an airport (which probably will not be very close to your home), you must pay a fee for this service (which can make most people say "Ouch!").
Most small airports do not have a hanger for your airplane, so your beautiful machine will be out in the open, exposed to all kinds of weather, winds, hail, rain, snow, sun and of course “bird jokes” (including a nest in your engine with a family of 7 (5 kids, 2 adults).
But if you had a flying car you could just park it in your own garage, that is it !!!.Your silver roaring friend would always will be with you.
No problems with maintenance, fix it anytime you want, take care of it, keep it inside all the time. Or, be more pragmatic, use this toy just as a regular car. Go to the work, visit friends, go to school, or go shopping.You, my friend have a second car!
.......................................
Inventions Around Us
Flameless indoor heater on hydrogen peroxide
The heater use decomposition of hydrogen peroxide as a heat source.
The hydrogen peroxide will decompose to form water and oxygen after contact with catalyst .
So this heater can be safely used indoor(home,tent,car and so on ).
As an example can be used heater containing a radiator, hydrogen peroxide container and reaction chamber.
Reaction chamber has catalyst element.
Hydrogen peroxide container located on the top of this radiator and then radiator laid on side no hydrogen peroxide
can get inside reaction chamber.
Reaction chamber may be located directly below hydrogen peroxide container.
Initially radiator lays on its side.
User open container, pour hydrogen peroxide into container and close container tight.
Second: user stand radiator up.
Hydrogen peroxide going inside reaction chamber, decomposing into hot steam and oxygen.
The mass of radiator calculated in this manner, that produced steam after contacting with radiator
became a water and collected at the bottom of the radiator.
The radiator may has a small hole on the top to release an oxygen from the inside of this radiator.
The radiator may has a safety valve to release extra pressure from inside of this radiator.
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