Tests by Ladefoged showed speech and language dependence on feedback without exception. Human DNA requires cellular feedback for active protein, that is, everyday function. Human endurance under feedback impoverishment has been proved lower than for fasting.

Not only on these grounds, the role of feedback in human language processing can be posited to approximate a drive. The notion of a drive is not to imply sex-oriented behavior. The work regards human nerve, muscle, and cognitive structures with strictly linguistic relevance.

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Prerequisite for logical and scholarly ability, human language processing can be viewed as human processing of information.^[1] Though concepts as a system, program, and option are indispensable for information processing analysis, terms correlative with computer science need not imply close a correspondence, since natural language remains a scope of skill unmatched by artificial parsing..^[2]  Therefore, human neurophysiology is the primary^[3]  reference, for the following discourse on the role of feedback in human language command.

Living organisms have been observed to use DNA-encoded information, for growth and sustainment. These genetic codes have been compared to programs (Young, 1984), where a program may be understood as a systematic plan for an automatic solution of a problem (Webster’s Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, 1989). Further, biological forms have been argued to depend for activity on continued renewal of own structures (Young, 1984). The task of homeostasis^[4]  uphold, which requires substance biological selection and exchange within an environment, can serve an example of a problem,^[5]  for biological programs as hitherto defined.

The systemic^[6] and exchange to concern the single cell and structures as complex as human beings, a DNA pattern for active protein production may exemplify a biological program. Importantly, even basic programs of cellular activity can be claimed to rely on feedback for enactment (Vander et al., 1985), feedback to be defined here as returning of part the output of a system to be reintroduced as input (Webster’s Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language, 1989).

Positive and negative feedback types have been recognized, where the former, also known as regenerative feedback, aids the input, whereas the latter opposes it, hence the alternate term, “inverse feedback”. Elementary cellular functioning to accrue into schemata^[7] that allow learned behaviors, integrated patterns for human activity are posited to build on feedback for their formation, effectuation, and permanence.

Based on the role in controlling automatic operations, Norbert Wiener insisted that feedback processes appertained with neuroscience as well. Neurophysiologically and psychologically, feedback productiveness can be understood as a closed-loop capability over open-loop sequences (Puppel, 1988, 1996). The capacity would act in natural language as a function of the human nervous system. The system is studied for feedback phenomena in cellular, intercellular, and interschematic dimensions.

For a competent insight into natural language, the inquiry includes human communication as an interplay of individual and inter-individual qualities. Psycholinguistics^[8] to constitute the framework for the intended quest, reliance on feedback is examined in language acquisition, use, and deficit. A principled^[9] occurrence to become affirmed in neurophysiological as well as psychological aspects of human living, dependence on feedback shall be argued to approximate a drive,^[10] the relevant instinct to be that for self-preservation. In this view to human information processing, feedback would have the role of an initiating, mediating, and modeling factor.

Footnotes

[1] Human information processing: natural, biological and psychological operating on sense-data, with or without alteration to source or initial content.

[2] The Latin pars orationis meant a part of speech.

[3] Primary: first in development and fundamental. The discourse begins with reference to neurophysiology and continues with language psychology.

[4] Homeostasis: internal balance or relative equilibrium.

[5] Problem: a context that requires action or resolve, which does not have to imply perplexity or trouble, especially within information frameworks.

[6] Systemic: regarding system properties in a live structure. Please discern systemic from systematic, regular, measured.

[7] Schema, plural schemata, from Greek schema, form, shape, figure. Here, a schema is a biological structure, as a neural pattern or compound neural connectivity to act in accord. Please discern the use from schematic, as inflexible, mechanical, or mathematical.

[8] Psycholinguistics: a study of psychological factors in speech and language to regard learning, use, and deficit, inclusive of the biological background.

[9] Principled: expressive of a principle as a strong regularity of natural, unconditioned occurrence.

[10] Drive: a natural, unconditioned need or urge by a live organism, to originate in an instinct. The sense does not follow Freudian uses.