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On This Day 11/6/1789
10/27/2010 5:41:23 PM

Bishop John Carroll named first Catholic Bishop in the United States

Pope Pius VI appoints Bishop John Carroll the Biship of Baltimore, Maryland making him the first Catholic Bishop. John Carroll was born in Upper Marlboro in 1735. Bishop Carroll's mother came from a wealthy family and had been educated in France. At the age of thirteen, Bishop Carroll sailed for France in order to complete his own education at St. Omer's College in French Flanders.

At the age of eighteen, Bishop Carroll joined the Society of Jesus and after a further fourteen years of study in Liege, he received ordination as a Priest at the age of thirty-four.

Pope Clement XIV's decision in 1773 to dissolve the Jesuit Order, however, ended Bishop Carroll's European career. Three years after Bishop Carroll's return to Baltimore, Maryland the need to make allies of French Catholics in Canada created an opportunity for Bishop Carroll to join a Congressional delegation dispatched to negotiate with the Canadians.

Benjamin Franklin served on the same delegation, and although the mission failed, Benjamin Franklin proved an excellent ally to Bishop Carroll. In 1784, Benjamin Franklin recommended to the Papal Nuncio in Paris, France that Bishop Carroll assume the position of Superior of Missions in the United States of North America, which removed American Catholics from the authority of the British Catholic hierarchy.

In this role, as Bishop and ultimately as the First ArchBishop in the United States (1808), Bishop Carroll oversaw the creation of leading Catholic institutions in the new nation, including the nation's fir Catholic University, Georgetown University, founded in 1789 and Cathedral, Baltimore Basilica, built in 1806.

(K) (HST)

Pius VI Catholic Pope
John Carroll First Bishop - USA
Jesus Son of God
Pope Clement XIV Catholic Pope
Benjamin Franklin American Patriot

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