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On This Day 11/24/1807
11/23/2010 7:40:45 PM

Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant dies

Mohawk Chief Thayendanegea, also known by his English name, Chief Joseph Brant dies at his home in Burlington, Ontario, Canada. Before dying he reportedly said:

"Have pity on the poor Indians. If you have
any influence with the great, endeavour to
use it for their good."

Chief Brant ranked among Great Britain's best commanders during the "American Revolution". Chief Joseph Brant was educated Christian and Freemason who studied directly with Eleazer Wheelock at Moor's Indian Charity School, the parent institution of Dartouth College.

Chief Brant's older sister Mary was founding father Sir William Johnson's common-law wife and also played a significant role in colonial and revolutionary Indian affairs.

The Iroquois, an alliance of Native Americans including the Mohawk tribe, attempted to aintain neutrality at the beginning of the "American Revolution", but by 1777 Chief Joseph Brant had led the Iroquois tribe into an alliance with Great Britain.

Chief Brant, like most Native Americans, saw GreatBritain as their last defense against the land-hungry colonial settlers who were encroaching into their ancestral territory.

Following the alliance with GreatBritain, Chief Brant led successful raids in the civil war for upstate New York. On August 6, 1777 with the Patriots en route to relieve British-occupied Fort Stanwix, a mixed party of British regulars and Chirf Brant's Mohawk Indians launched the ambush known as the "Battle of Oriskany", during which Patriot General Nicholas Herkimer was wounded and his jorse was shot.

One year later on September 17, 1778, Chief Brant launched a successful attack on German Flats, now known as Herkimer, New York. Chief Brant led a force of one hundred fifty Iroquois tribesmen and three hundred British Loyalists under the command of Captain William Caldwell against the small community, which had been left virtually undefended by American Patriot troops.

The following summer, on July 20, 1779 Chief Brant's party of ninety Tories and Loyalist Iroquois executed a successful raid in the Neversink Valley of New York, during which they destroyed a school and a church, as well as farms in Peenpack andMahackamack.

When the American Patriot militia responded by attempting to ambush Chief Brant as he traveled up the DelawareRiver on July 22, Chief Brandt again defeated them, killing between forty-five and fifty Patriots at what is known as the "Battle of Minisink".

A little over a month later, on August 29, in southwestern New York near present-day Elmira, Continental troops led by Major General John Sullivan and Brigadier General James Clinton defeated a combined force of Loyalists and Indians commanded by Captain Walter Butler and Chief Brant in what is known as "The Battle of Chemung".

Major General Sullivan subsequently embarked on a scorched-earth campaign against the Iroquois tribe in retaliation for their raids against frontier settlements. At least forty of the Iroquois tribal villages were destroyed along with valuable supplies.

As a result, the winter of 1779 was particularly brutal for the Iroquois tribe. Nonetheless, they managed to increase their pressure on frontier settlements in 1780. Despite the best efforts of the Iroquois, however, the Chemung Valley fell into the hands of American settlers following the "American Revolution".

As a result, Iroquois tribes attached to Chief Brant followed him in a resettlement to Canada, where they found land and safety with their British allies.

(K) (HST)

Joseph Brant Mohawk Chief
Mary Brant Sister of Joseph
Common law wife of
Sir William Johnson
Sir William Johnson Common law husband of
Mary Brant
American Patriot
Founding father
sided with Great Britain
Eleazer Wheelock Schoolmaster
Nicholas Herkimer Amerian Patriot General
William Caldwell British Captain
John Sullivan American Patriot
Major General
James Clinton American Patriot
Brigadier General

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