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On This Day 3/6/1776
3/4/2011 7:51:18 PM

New York demands Sandy Hook Lighthouse be dismantled

A distinguished committee of the New York Provincial Congress instructed Major William Malcolm to dismantle the Sandy Hook Lighthouse in the then disputed territory of Sandy Hook, now in New Jersey, telling him to:

"use your best descretion to render the
lighthouse entirely useless"

The Sandy Hook Lighthouse first shinned its beam on June 11, 1764 after the Provincial Congress of New York orchestrated two lotteries to raise money for its construction. Discussion about the construction of a lighthouse for Sandy Hook had begun nearly a century before, initiated by Colonial Governor Edmund Andreas.

Forty-three New York merchants proposed the lotteries to the Provincial Council, after losing twenty thousand pounds sterling from shipwrecks in early 1761. Major Malcolm's task was to prevent the lighthouse from helping the British troops to reach New York City, New York.

The Congress wanted Major Malcolm to remove the lense and lamps so that the lighthouse could no longer warn ships of possible wreck on the rocky shore. Major Malcom was very successful.

Colonel George Taylor reported six days later that Major Malcolm had given him:

"eight copper lamps, two tackle falls and
blocks, and three casks, and a part of a
cast of oil"

from the dismantling of the beacon. Major Malcolm's efforts however, failed to keep the British from invading New York. They were soon able to put the lighthouse back into service by installing lamps and reflectors.

The Patriots attempted to knock the light out again on June 1, 1776 by placing cannon on boats and attempting to blow away the British paraphernalia. They managed some damage before being chased away.

The new states of New Jersey and New York bickered over ownership of the lighthouse, until the federal government assumed control of all United States lighthouses in 1787. As of 1996, the Sandy Hook lighthouse, the oldest original lighthouse in the United States, passed into the jurisdiction of the National Park Service. It remains in operation as part of the Gateway National Recreation Area.

(K) (HST)

William Malcolm American Major
Edmund Andreas American Colonial Governor
George Taylor American Colonel

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