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Karen Palumbo

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On This Day 4/18/1775
5/13/2011 5:45:18 PM

Paul Revere and William Dawes warn of British attack

British troops march out of Boston, Massachusetts on a mission to confiscate the American arsenal at Concord, Massachusetts and to capture Patriot leaders Samuel Adams and John Hancock, known to be hiding at Lexington, Massachusetts. As the British departed, Boston Patriots Paul Revere and William Dawes set out on horseback from the city to warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock and rouse the Minutemen.

By 1775, tensions between the American colonies and the British government had approached the breaking point, especially in Massachusetts, where Patriot leaders formed a shadow revolutionary government and trained militias to prepare for armed conflict with the British troops occupying Boston, Massachusetts.

In the spring of 1775, General Thomas Gage, the British Royal Governor of Massachusetts, received instructions from Great Britain to seize all stors of weapons and gunpowder accessible to the American insurgents. On April 18 General Gage ordered British troops to march against Concord and Lexington.

The Boston Patriots had begun preparing for such a British military action for some time, and upon learning of the British plans, Paul Revere and William Dawes set off across the Massachusetts countryside. They took separate routes incase one of them was captured. William Dawes left left the city via the Boston Neck Peninsula and Paul Revere crossed the Charles River to Charlestown by boat.

As the two couriers made their way, Patriots in Charlestown waited for a signal from Boston informing them of the British troop movement. As previously agreed, one lantern would be hung in the steeple of Boston's Old North Church, the highest point in the city, if the British were marching out of the city by Boston Neck, and two lanterns would be hung if they were crossing the Charles River to Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Two lanterns were hung, and the armed Patriots set out for Lexington and Concord accordingly. Along the way, Paul Revere and William Dawes roused hundreds of Minutemen, who armed themselves and set out to oppose the British. Paul Revere arrived in Lexington shortly after William Dawes, but together they warned Samuel Adams and John Hancock and and then set out for Concord.

Along the way, they were joined by Samuel Prescott, a young Patriot who had been riding home after vising a lady friend. Early on the morning of April 19, 1775 a British patrol captured Paul Revere, and William Dawes lost his horse, forcing him to walk back to Lexington on foot. However, Samuel Prescott escaped and rode on to Concord to warn the Patriots there.

After being roughly questioned for an hour or two, Paul Revere was released when the patrol heard Minutemen alarm guns being fired on their approach to Lexington. In the early morning hours of April 19, 1775 the British troops under Major John Pitcairn arrived at the town to find a seventy-seven man strong colonial militia under Captain John Parker waiting for them on Lexington's common green.

Major Pitcairn ordered the outnumbered Patriots to disperse, and after a moment's hesitation the American Patriots began to drift off the green. Suddenly, "the shot heard around the world" was fired from an undetermined gun, and a cloud of musket smoke soon covered the green. When the brief "Battle of Lexington" ended, eight American Patriots lay dead and ten other American Patriots were wounded. Only one British soldier was injured. The "American Revolution" had begun!

(K) (HST)

Paul Revere American Patriot
William Dawes American Patriot
Samuel Adams American Patriot
John Hancock American Patriot
Thomas Gage British General
Samuel Prescott American Patriot
John Pitcairn British Major
John Parker American Captain

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