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On This Day 7/28/1776
8/1/2011 7:25:11 PM

Silvestre de Escalante and Francisco Dominguez begin expedition

Silvestre de Escalante and Francisco Dominguez, two Spanish Franciscan priests, leave Santa Fe, New Mexico for a epic journey through the Southwest. The two hoped to blaze a trail from New Mexico to Monterey, California, but their main goal was to visit with the native inhabitants and convert as many as possible to the Catholic faith.

The two Franciscan priests and seven men left the Spanish frontier town of Santa Fe, New Mexico and headed northwest into what is today the state of Colorado. They continued north, exploring the rugged Great Basin and canyon land country of Utah. Initially, the two Franciscan priests made good time, and by mid-September they reached Utah Lake, just to the south of the Great Salt Lake in northern Utah.

There, the two Franciscan priests found Indians that Father Dominguez described as:

"the most docile and affable nation of all that
have been known in these regions."

The two Franciscan priests quickly set about preaching the Gospel, reportedly with:

"such happy results that they are awaiting
Spaniards so that they might become
Christians."

By early October, 1776 winter was approaching. Traveling through high mountain passes, Father Escalante and Father Dominguez began to encounter fierce snowstorms. Accustomed to desert living, Father Escalante and Father Dominguez were unequipped to deal with snow and bitter cold, and they soon ran short of provisions.

Father Escalante and Father Dominguez abandoned the goal of reaching California and headed back for Santa Fe, New Mexico. During the long journey home, they very nearly starved to death. Father Escalante and Father Dominguez ate their horses first. When the horseflesh was gone, they ate only prickly pear cactus.

On January 2, 1777 the exhausted men staggered into Sante Fe, New Mexico. They had traveled nearly one thousand seven hundred miles in just one hundred fifty-nine days through some of the roughest country in the southwest, yet all nine members of the party made it home safely.

Father Escalante and Father Dominguez had failed in their goal of finding a route to Monterey, California and to their keen disappointment, the New Mexican missionaries showd little interest in following up their initial proselytizing with the Utah Indians. Nonetheless, Father Escalante and Father Dominguez were the first to explore extensively the Great Basin country of the Southwest. Father Escalante's written account of the expedition became an essential guide to future explorers.

(K) (HST)

Silvestre de Escalante Spanish Franciscan Priest
Francisco Dominguez Spanish Franciscan Priest

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