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Karen Palumbo

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On This Day 8/7/1782
8/16/2011 6:56:16 PM

General George Washington creates the Purple Heart

In Newburgh, New York, General George Washington, the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, creates the "Badge for Military Merit," a decoration consisting of a purple heart-shaped piece of silk, edged with a narrow binding of silver, with the word "Merit" stitched across the face in silver.

The badge was to be presented to troops for:

"any singularly meritorious action"

and permitted its wearer to pass Guards and Sentinels without challenge. The honoree's name and Regiment were also to be inscribed in a "Book of Merit." General Wasnington's "Purple Heart" was awarded to only those known troops during the "American Revolution:"

Elijah Churchill
William Brown
Daniel Bissell, Jr.

The "Book of Merit" was lost, and the decoration was largely forgotten until 1927 when General Charles P. Summerall, the United States Army Chief of Staff, sent an unsuccessful draft bill to Congress to:

"revive the Badge of Military Merit".

In 1931 General Summeral's successor, General Douglas MacArthur, took up the cause hoping to reinstate the medal in time for the bicentennial of General George Washington's birth. On February 22, 1932, General Washington's two hundredth birthday, the United States War Department announced the creation of the:

"Order of the Purple Heart".

In addition to aspects of General Washington's original design, the new "Purple Heart of Merit" also displays a bust of General Washington and his coat of arms. The "Order of the Purple Heart", the oldest American Military decoration for military merit, is awarded to members of the United States Armed Forces who have been killed or wounded in action against an enemy. It is also awared to troops who have suffered maltreatment as prisoners of war.

(K) (HST)

George Washington American Patriot
American General
President, USA
Elijah Churchill American Patriot
Awarded Purple Heart
William Brown American Patriot
Awarded Purple Heart
Daniel Bissell, Jr. American Patriot
Awarded Purple Heart
Charles P. Summerall American Patriot
American General
Douglas MacArthur American Patriot
American General

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