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On This Day 1/19/1764
1/19/2011 2:12:25 PM

John Wilkes is expelled from Parliament

The British Parliament expels John Wilkes from it ranks for his reuptedly libelous, seditious and pornographic writings. Over the next twelve years, John Wilkes name became a byword for Parliamentary oppression both in Great Britain's North American colonies.

John Wilkes earned the ouster by impugning the integrity of King George III and his closest advisor, a Scot, John Stewart, Earl of Bute, in the forty-fifty edition of his newspaper, "The North Briton", in 1763.

When the government responded by having the newspaper's offices searched and it staff arrested under a general search warrant, a judge deemed the warrant illegal and dismissed the charges.

When John Wilkes was subsequently taken into custody under a special warrant, the judge released him on the grounds of parliamentary privelege. But John Wilkes continued to irk King George III's leading minister, George Greenville, and after his pornographic "Essay on Women" was read in Parliament during the debate over his expulsion, the politician-journalists fled to France to avoid imprisonment.

By that time, his place among London, England artisans as an icon of liberty confronting parliamentary injustice was already assured. In 1764, John Wilkes moved to France, just as George Greenville's "Sugar Act" was ranking colonists.

He returned to Great Britain in 1768 as opposition to the "Townshend Act", which taxed British imports to the American colonies, including tea and paper raged.

Upon his return, John Wilkes managed to simultaneously win re-election to Parliament and serve a prison term, but Parliament refused to allow him to take his seat despite three electoral victories, giving the position to the loser.

Soldiers killed six of his supporters and wounded fifteen who had gathered in front of John Wilkes prison to protest his plight. Colonial protestors across the pond quickly joined the rallying cries of:

"Wilkes and Liberty"

In Boston, Massachusetts, colonists devised a "Wilkite" Apostle's Creed, and in South Carolina, the assembly sent money for John Wilkes legal defense fund.

(K) (HST)

John Wilkes British Parliamentarian
George III King of Great Britain
John Stewart Earl of Bute, Advisor
George Greenville British Minister

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