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On This Day 1/25/1776
1/20/2011 8:02:08 PM

First national memorial is ordered by Congress

The Continental Congress authorizes the first national Revolutionary War memorial in honor of Brigadier General Richard Montgomery, who had been killed during the assault on Quebec, Canada on December 31, 1775.

Brigadier General Montgomery, along with Colonel Benedict Arnold, led a two-pronged invasion of Canada in late 1775. Before joining ColonelARnold at Quebec, Canada, Brigadier General Montgomery successfully took Montreal, Canada.

But the Patriot assault on Quebec, Canada failed, and Brigadier General Montgomery became one of the first Generals of the "American Revolution" to lose his life on the battlefield.

When word of Brigadier General Montgomery's death reached Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Congress voted to create a monument of Brigadier General Montgomery's memory and entrusted Benjamin Franklin to secure one of France's best artists to craft it.

Benjamin Franklin hired King Louis XV's personal sculpture, Jean Jacques Caffieri, to design and build the monument. Upon the completion in 1778, the Montgomery memorial was shipped to America and arrived at Edenton, North Carolina, where it remained for several years.

Although originally intended for Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Congress eventually decided to place the memorial in New York City, New York. In 1788, it was installed under the direction of Major Pierre Charles L'Enfant beneath the portico of St. Paul's Chapel, which served as General George Washington's church during his time in New York as the United States first President in 1789, and where it ramains to this day.

Brigadier General Montgomery's body, which was originally interred on the site of his death in Quebec, Canada, was moved to St. Paul's Chapel in 1818. Jean Jacques Caffieri also completed a bust of Benjamin Franklin. In turn, Benjamin Franklin gave seven copies of the bust to friends in the new United States, the original remains in Paris,France at the Bibliotheque Mazarine.

(K) (HST)

Richard Montgomery American Brigadier General
Benedict Arnold American Colonel
Benjamin Franklin American Patriot
Louis XV King of France
Jean Jacques Caffieri Person artist of King Louis
Pierre Charles L'Enfant American Major
George Washington American General
President - USA

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